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How to Get an ITIN Number: Step by Step
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If you've already figured out you need an ITIN, the next question is simple: how do you actually get one? Here's the process, start to finish.
Get an ITIN, step by step
1. Get Form W-7. Download it free from IRS.gov, you don't need to pay anyone for the form itself.
2. Gather your identity documents.
A valid passport is the only document you need, since it proves both identity and foreign status on its own.
If you don't have one, you'll need two other documents instead. For example, a national ID card and a birth certificate.
3. Decide how you'll submit your documents. You have three options:
Mail your W-7, tax return, and original documents directly to the IRS.
Visit a Certified Acceptance Agent (CAA), who can verify your documents in person and return your originals to you immediately.
Visit an IRS Taxpayer Assistance Center by appointment, which offers the same in-person verification.
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4. Attach your federal tax return.
Most applicants file Form W-7 together with the tax return that's the reason they need an ITIN in the first place.
A few specific situations (called "exceptions") don't require an attached return. Check the W-7 instructions or ask a CAA if you think this applies to you.
5. Submit and wait. Once the IRS receives a complete application, expect 7–11 weeks for processing, longer if you're applying during tax season or from outside the US.
How long does getting an ITIN take
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If you use a CAA, the IRS processing time is the same. The advantage isn't a faster number, it's not having to mail your original passport and go without it for two to three months.
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Why ITIN applications get rejected
Missing tax return: application submitted without the return that justifies the ITIN request, and without qualifying for an exception.
Expired identity documents: especially expired passports.
Incomplete W-7: a missing signature, an unchecked eligibility category, or a mismatched name between the form and the ID document.
All three are avoidable with a careful read of the W-7 instructions, or by having a CAA review your application before it's submitted.
Next steps
Once your ITIN arrives, you can use it right away to file your taxes.
Many banks and credit unions will also let you open an account with it in place of an SSN.
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Frequently asked questions
Can I apply for an ITIN without filing a tax return?
In most cases, no. You'll attach your W-7 to the return that creates the need for it. A small number of exceptions exist for specific situations; check the W-7 instructions or ask a CAA if you think you qualify.
Do I have to mail my passport to the IRS?
Only if you choose to apply by mail. Using a Certified Acceptance Agent or an IRS Taxpayer Assistance Center lets you keep your original documents with you the whole time.
How much does it cost to get an ITIN?
Nothing, from the IRS. You'll only pay if you choose to hire a tax preparer or CAA to help with the process.
What if my ITIN application is rejected?
The IRS will send a notice explaining why. Most issues (a missing return, an expired document, an incomplete form) can be fixed and resubmitted.
Can I check my application status?
Yes. After about 7 weeks, you can call the IRS ITIN hotline to check on a pending application.
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